- To understand basic soil and rock terminology effectively.
- To identify different soil types and their characteristics.
- To classify soils based on their properties and standards.
- To recognise and describe various rock types accurately.
- To evaluate rock properties for classification purposes.
- To apply soil and rock knowledge to real-world problems.
- To develop a foundational understanding of geotechnics.
UNIT 1. DESCRIPTION OF SOILS Soil - Concept and Formation Soil - Types of soil and sedimentary deposits Granular Soils - Gravels and Sands Cohesive Soils - Silts and Clays Cohesive Soils - Structure, Types and Properties of clays UNIT 2. PROPERTIES AND CLASSIFICATION OF SOILS Basic Properties - Volume and Weight Basic Properties - Granular Soils Basic Properties - Cohesive Soils Unified Soil Classification System (USCs) AASHTO Soil Classification System UNIT 3. DESCRIPTION OF ROCKS The Rock Cycle. Plate Tectonics and Deformations of the Earth’s Crust. Igneous Rocks Sedimentary Rocks Metamorphic Rocks Rock, Rock Matrix and Rock Mass UNIT 4. PROPERTIES AND CLASSIFICATION OF ROCKS Properties of the Rock Matrix Properties of The Rock Mass. Discontinuities Geomechanical Classifications - RMR (ROCK MASS RATING) Geomechanical Classifications - The Q Index The GSI Index - Geological Strength Index